Chorioamnionitis and endometritis

Patient Population:
Adult
DiagnosisCommon PathogensDrug(s) of First ChoiceAlternative Drug(s)CommentsExpected Duration
ChorioamnionitisBacteroides
Prevotella bivia
Group B & A streptococci
Enterobacterales
M. hominis
Ceftriaxone
PLUS
Metronidazole

For severe cephalosporin allergy:
Ertapenem

For severe beta-lactam allergy:
Vancomycin
PLUS
Gentamicin
PLUS
Metronidazole 

Recommendations are consistent regardless of delivery method (vaginal vs. Cesarean).

After delivery, continue antibiotics for one dose each unless the patient is diagnosed with endometritis. If so, refer to Endometritis section. 

Antibiotics should be continued at recommended dosing interval, even if periprocedural cephalosporins are administered (i.e. no need to postpone first ceftriaxone dose if cefazolin is given periprocedurally).

 

EndometritisBacteroides
Prevotella bivia
Group B & A streptococci
Enterobacterales
M. hominis
Ceftriaxone
PLUS
Metronidazole

For severe cephalosporin allergy:
Ertapenem

For severe beta-lactam allergy:
Vancomycin
PLUS
Gentamicin
PLUS
Metronidazole

If positive chlamydia testing, add azithromycin or doxycycline.

Continue antibiotics until patient is afebrile for 24-48 hours.

If still febrile > 48 hours on antibiotic regimen postpartum, follow healthcare-associated secondary peritonitis recommendations for which antibiotics to escalate to. Wait 48 hours on an antibiotic regimen before considering regimen failed.